VITILIGO

Vitiligo is  a skin condition in which melanocytes or the cells that produce pigment on the skin are completly destroyed. It can also be said that it is the depigmentation of skin.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:

 The main symptom of vitiligo is the appearence of white patches. It can develop on any part of the body. 

 It is    mostly seen on skin that is exposed to the sun like face, arms, legs, lips, hands,and feet or on skin folds like elbows, armpits, groins or knees.
Although the patches are initially small,they often enlarge and change shape.

  Depigmentation is particularly noticeable around body orifices, such as mouth, eyes,nostrils, genitalia and umbilicus.

 Some lesions have hyperpigmentation around the edges. The affected people may experience depression, mental trauma or mood changes.

CAUSES:

 Vitiligo can be caused due to multiple reasons, like an autoimmune disorder when a person's immune system becomes hyperactive and destroys the melanocytes; exposure to chemicals; severe sunburn or cut; stressful events or viral causes.

 Vitiligo seems to be common in people with autoimmune diseases including:
  • hyperthyroidism( overactive thyroid gland)
  • adrenocortical insuffiency ( adrenal gland does not produce enough of the hormone called corticosteroid)
  • pernicious anaemia ( a low level of red blood cells due to the failure of the body to absorb Vitamin B12)
  • deficiency of folic acid and other vitamins.
  • alopecia areata ( patches of baldness)


 Some scientists also say it may be hereditary.



REFERENCE:

1. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/vitiligo/DS00586
2. http://www.medicinenet.com/vitiligo/article.htm
3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitiligo

Location: Maradu, Ernakulam, Kerala, India

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