BREAKBONE FEVER.....AT ALARMING RATE......

DENGUE FEVER


Dengue fever is also known as BREAKBONE FEVER. It is so called because of the terrible pain caused by the virus at the muscle and joint pain.

Breakbone fever,is an infectious tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. It is transmitted by several species of mosquitoes within the genus Aedes principally A.aegypti.
Female aedes aegypti
Symptoms: fever,headache, muscle and joint pains and characteristic skin rashes similiar to measles.
Sometimes, it may develop into dengue hemorrhagic fever, resulting bleeding,low level of blood platelets and blood plasma leakage or into dengue shock syndrome where dangerously low blood pressure occurs.





SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS:
  • Severe headache
  • Pain behind the eyes
  • Severe muscle and joint pain
  • Nausea
  • Skin rash
  • Mild bleeding
Incubation period(time between exposure and onset of symptoms) ranges from 3-14 days.

It is called BREAKBONE because it is associated muscle and joint pain.

It consist of three phases:

 1) Febrile: high fever over 40 degree followed by vomiting,rash occur in 50-80%.

2) Critical: fluid accumulation in chest and abdominal cavity due to increased capillary permeability.

3) Recovery: reduced levels of consciousness,fatigue.

TREATMENT:

No specific medicine.
  • An oral or intravenous rehydration and intravenous fluids and blood transfusions.
  • You should use pain relievers with acetaminophen and avoid medicines with aspirin which could worsen bleeding.
  • Take rest, drink plenty of fluids.



PREVENTION AND CONTROL:


    • Vector control is implemented using environmental management and chemical methods. Proper solid waste disposal, elimination of stagnant water in domestic environment and improved water storage practices.
    • Aerosol and liquid spray has to be applied directly to the adult mosquito for effective killing, e.g. household pesticides.
    • Mosquito coil and electric mosquito mat/ liquid has to be placed near possible entrance, such as window, for mosquito.
    • Wear long-sleeved clothes and long trousers when going outdoors. Bodies could be protected from mosquito bite by applying insect repellent (containing DEET) on the clothes and exposed part of the body especially when you travel to Dengue Fever endemic areas.
    • Mosquito bednet could be used when the room is not air-conditioned.
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